Xem toàn bộ tài liệu Lớp 12: tại đây
Bài 1. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
The increase in urbanization causes different problems. Air and water pollution are amongst the major issue we have to tackle.
In the first place, cars, factories and burning waste emit dangerous gases that change the air quality in our cities and pose threats to our health. Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to have long-term effects on the environment.
Furthermore, with the increased population, it becomes difficult to manage the waste generated in cities. Most of the waste is discharged or dumped into rivers or onto streets. The waste pollutes water and makes it unfit for human consumption. Subsequently, it becomes more and more difficult for city dwellers to get clean water. Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply because most of the water is lost in pipe leakages. In fact, most city dwellers in developing countries are forced to boil their water or to buy bottled water, which is very expensive.
There are several actions that could be taken to eradicate the problems described above. Firstly, a simple solution would be joining community efforts to address problems affecting your city. Ask your parents, friends and relatives to join in as well. These efforts might include clean-up campaigns, recycling projects and a signature campaign to ask the government to do something about the situation. A second measure would be encouraging your teacher to talk about these problems and to discuss how young people can help to solve them. Finally, writing to local organizations working on these issues for ideas on how you can contribute to solve them.
Question 1: The word tackle in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ____.
A. deal with B. make up
C. try on D. turn down
Đáp án: A
Từ mới: Tackle = deal with (giải quyết)
Question 2: The word those in paragraph 2 refers to ____.
A. bronchitis and asthma
B. carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides
C. dangerous gases
D. respiratory diseases
Đáp án: C
Thông tin: Dangerous gases such as carbon dioxide and nitrogen oxides cause respiratory diseases, for instant, bronchitis and asthma. Those are also proved to have long-term effects on the environment.
Dịch nghĩa: Các khí nguy hiểm như carbon dioxide và nitơ oxit gây ra các bệnh về đường hô hấp, tức thời, viêm phế quản và hen suyễn. Những thứ đó cũng được chứng minh là có tác dụng lâu dài đối với môi trường.
Question 3: According to the passage, in some cities in Africa ____.
A. people are allowed to dump waste into rivers and on streets
B. people aren’t provided enough water due to leaking pipes
C. people have found some solutions to the problems
D. people would rather use boiling water and bottled water
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: Some cities in Africa are unable to provide adequate water supply because most of the water is lost in pipe leakages.
Dịch nghĩa: Một số thành phố ở Châu Phi không thể cung cấp đủ nước vì phần lớn nước bị mất do rò rỉ đường ống.
Question 4: Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A. City problems should be taught and be topic for students to discuss at school.
B. Children must ask for their parent’s permission before joining community efforts.
C. Participators might take part in different kinds of projects and campaigns.
D. People can contribute in solving the problems by writing to local organizations working on these issues.
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: Thông tin không đề cập trong bài.
Dịch nghĩa:
Question 5: Which of the following would serve as the best title for the passage?
A. Environment degradation: Air and water pollution
B. Environmental pollution: Problems and actions
C. Increasing urbanization: Causes and effects
D. Increasing urbanization: Effects and solutions
Đáp án: D
Thông tin: Bài đọc nói về những ảnh hưởng và giải pháp cho việc đô thị hóa ngày càng tăng.
Bài 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
American folk music originated with (1)________ people at a time when the rural population was isolated and music was not (2)________ spread by radio, records, or music video. It was (3)_______ by oral traditional and is noted for its energy, humor, and emotional impact. The major source of early American folk songs was music from the British Isles, but songs from Africa as songs of the American Indians have significant part in its heritage. Later settler from other countries also contributed songs. In the nineteenth century, composer Steven Foster wrote some of the most enduringly popular of all American songs, (4)_________ soon became part of the folk tradition. Beginning in the 1930s, Woody Guthrie gained great popularity by adapting melodies and lyrics and supplying new ones as well. In the 1950s and 1960s, singer – composers such as Peter Seeger, Bob Dylan, Joan Baez continued this tradition by urban’ folk music. Many of these songs deal (5)________ important social issue, such as racial integration and the war in Vietnam.
Question 1: A. ordinary B. popular C. common D. typical
Đáp án: A
Giải thích:
Typical: điển hình, đặc trưng
Ordinary: bình thường, thường
Common: thông thường, phổ biến
Popular: nổi tiếng, được ưa thích
Dịch nghĩa: Âm nhạc dân gian Mỹ bắt nguồn từ những người bình thường tại một thời điểm khi dân số nông thôn được phân lập.
Question 2: A. even B. still C. until D. yet
Đáp án: D
Giải thích: Yet: bây giờ, cho đến bây giờ. Not yet: chưa, còn chưa…
Dịch nghĩa: Âm nhạc vẫn chưa lan rộng bởi đài phát thanh, âm thanh, đĩa CD, nhạc DVD.
Question 3: A. transferred B. transformed C. transmitted D. transited
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: “it” ở đây là music ⇒ dùng động từ transmit (truyền âm thanh)
Dịch nghĩa: Nó được truyền miệng và được ghi nhận vì năng lượng của nó, hài hước, và tác động cảm xúc.
Question 4: A. which B. this C. who D. that
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: which được thay thế cho all American songs.
Dịch nghĩa: Trong thế kỷ XIX, nhà soạn nhạc Stephen Foster đã viết một số trong tất cả các ca khúc Mỹ phổ biến lâu dài nhất, cái mà đã sớm trở thành một phần của nhạc dân gian truyền thống.
Question 5: A. in B. by C. with D. at
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: deal with something: giải quyết, xử lý(việc gì) deal in something: buôn bán cái gì
Dịch nghĩa: Nhiều trong số những bài hát này xử lý các vấn đề xã hội quan trọng, chẳng hạn như hội nhập chủng tộc và cuộc chiến tranh ở Việt Nam.
Bài 3. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks.
Nowadays people are more aware that wildlife all over the world is in (1)________. Many species of animals are threatened, and could easily become (2)________ if we do not make an effort to protect them. In some cases, animals are hunted for their fur or for other valuable parts of their bodies. Some birds, such as parrots, are caught (3)________and sold as pets. For many animals and birds the problem is that their habitat – the place where they live – is disappearing. More land is used for farms, for houses or industry, and there are fewer open spaces than there once were. Farmers use powerful chemicals to help them to grow better crops, but these chemicals pollute the environment and (4)________ wildlife. The most successful animals on earth – human beings – will soon be the only ones (5)________, unless we can solve this problem.
Question 1: A. threat B. problem C. danger D. vanishing
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: ta có cụm “be in danger” (a) gặp nguy hiểm
Question 2: A. disappeared B. vanished C. extinct D. empty
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: Câu này ta cần dịch nghĩa. Ở câu trước có “in danger” (gặp nguy hiểm) và vế sau cua câu lại có “if we do not make an effort to protect them” nên ta chọn tuyệt chủng.
Question 3: A. for life B. alive C. lively D. for living
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: Ở vị trí này ta cần một tính từ.
Question 4: A. spoil B. wound C. wrong D. harm
Đáp án: D
Giải thích: Ở đây ta cần nghĩa là làm hại (cho môi trường)
Question 5: A. left B. over C. staying D. survive
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: Ở đây ta cần rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ với nghĩa “còn lại”