Xem toàn bộ tài liệu Lớp 11: tại đây

Đề bài Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In developing countries, where three fourths of the world’s population live, sixty percent of the people who can’t read and write are women. Being illiterate doesn’t mean they are not intelligent. It does mean it is difficult for them to change their lives. They produce more than half of the food. In Africa eighty percent of all agricultural work is done by women. There are many programs to help poor countries develop their agriculture. However, for years, these programs provided money and training for men.

In parts of Africa, this is a typical day for a village woman. At 4:45 a.m, she gets up, washes and eats. It takes her a half hour to walk to the fields, and she works there until 3:00 p.m. She collects firewood and gets home at 4:00. She spends the next hour and a half preparing food to cook. Then she collects water for another hour. From 6:30 to 8:30 she cooks. After dinner, she spends an hour washing the dishes and her children. She goes to bed at 9:30 p.m.

International organizations and programs run by developed nations are starting to help women, as well as men, improve their agricultural production. Governments have already passed some laws affecting women because of the UN Decade for Women. The UN report will affect the changes now happening in the family and society.

Question 1: What does the word “run” in the last paragraph mean?

A. move quickly

B. push

C. managed

D. organized

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: Run ~ manage: Quản lý, điều hành, sau đó có từ “by” nên động từ run là phân từ hai mang nghĩa bị động, nên ta có thế loại trừ đáp án A, B ngay.

Question 2: Why do people say women produce more than half of the food in Africa?

A. because 60 percent of women are illiterate.

B. because 80 percent of all agricultural work is done by women.

C. most women are not intelligent.

D. all are correct.

Đáp án: B

Giải thích: Đoạn 1 có nói phụ nữ sản xuất ra hơn 1 nửa số thực phẩm, sau đó thông tin đề cập tới việc là 80% công việc nông nghiệp được làm bởi phụ nữ.

Question 3: Why do people say that African women’s lives are hard?

A. Because these women are busy with housework.

B. Because they work all day in the fields.

C. both A and B are correct.

D. Because they are illiterate.

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: Bài văn mô tả sự vất vả của phụ nữ khi vừa phải làm việc đồng tới tận 3h chiều và về nhà thì phải nấu nướng rửa bát, tắm cho con, v.v… Điều này muốn nói phụ nữ bận rộn với việc nhà và làm việc đồng áng cả ngày. Nên cả A và B đều đúng.

Question 4: A typical African woman spends _______ collecting firewood every day.

A. 3 hour

B. 2 hours

C. 1 hour

D. 4 hours

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: “She collects firewood and gets home at 4:00” thông tin này ám chỉ phụ nữ mất 1h để kiếm củi, vì câu trước đó đoạn văn nói phụ nữ làm việc đồng áng tới tận 3h chiều.

Question 5: Which of these statements is NOT TRUE?

A. Women’s roles in the family and society are changing nowadays.

B. It is difficult for women to change their lives because of their illiteracy.

C. In the past only men in poor countries got benefit from many international programs.

D. Because they are illiterate, women are not intelligent.

Đáp án: D

Giải thích: Thông tin về việc vai trò của phụ nữ trong gia đình và xã hội đang thay đổi, cuộc sống vất vả vì mù chữ, nam giới hưởng lợi từ các chương trình Quốc tế đều đề cập trong bài. Bài không nói vì họ mù chữ nên họ không thông minh.

Question 6: By whom (what) was the Decade for Women organized?

A. by the United Nations Organization.

B. by developing countries

C. by the World Health Organization.

D. by many African countries.

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: Đoạn cuối ám chỉ Tổ chức Decade for Women là do Tổ chức Liên Hợp Quốc tổ chức.

Question 7: The passage would most likely be followed by details about _______.

A. changes in life between men and women in the family and in the society

B. negative effects of the UNO law

C. positive effects of the roles of women

D. women and men’s roles in their family

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: Để trả lời được câu này thì cần đọc và hiểu cấu trúc bài viết. Đoạn cuối cùng có nói Luật của Liên hợp Quốc có ảnh hường tới sự thay đổi vai trò của Nam – Nữ trong gia đình và xã hội. Như vậy, có thể đoạn sau tác giả sẽ thảo luận những thay đổi này.

Đề bài Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.

In Science, a theory is a reasonable explanation of observed events that are related. A theory often involves an imaginary model that helps scientists picture the way an observed event could be produced. A good example of this is found in the kinetic molecular theory, in which gases are pictured as being made up of many small particles that are in constant motion.

After a theory has been publicized, scientists design experiments to test the theory. If observations confirm the scientists’ predictions, the theory is supported. If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further. There may be a fault in the experiment, or the theory may have to be revised or rejected.

Science involves imagination and creative thinking as well as collecting information and performing experiments. Facts by themselves arc not science. As the mathematician Jules Henri Poincare said: “Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.”

Most scientists start an investigation by finding out what other scientists have learned about a particular problem. After known facts have been gathered, the scientist comes to the part of the investigation that requires considerable imagination. Possible solutions to the problem are formulated. These possible solutions are called hypotheses. In a way, any hypothesis is a leap into the unknown. It extends the scientist’s thinking beyond the known facts. The scientist plans experiments, performs calculations, and makes observations to test hypotheses. For without hypotheses, further investigation lacks purpose and direction. When hypotheses are confirmed, they are incorporated into theories.

Question 8: Which of the following is the main subject of the passage?

A. The importance of models in scientific theories.

B. The sorts of facts that scientists find most interesting.

C. The ways that scientists perform different types of experiments.

D. The place of theory and hypothesis in scientific investigation.

Đáp án: D

Giải thích: The place of theory and hypothesis in scientific investigation: Vị trí của lý thuyết và giả thuyết trong nghiên cứu khoa học.

Question 9: The word “related” in paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. described

B. identified

C. connected

D. completed

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: related to (được liên quan đến) = connected (được liên kết đến)

Question 10: According to the second paragraph, a useful theory is one that helps scientists to _______.

A. observe events

B. publicize new findings

C. make predictions

D. find errors in past experiments

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: Thông tin trong bài: “If observations do not confirm the predictions, the scientists must search further.”

Dịch: Nếu các quan sát không xác nhận dự đoán, các nhà khoa học phải tìm kiếm thêm.

Question 11: The word “supported” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to _______.

A. upheld

B. finished

C. adjusted

D. investigated

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: Giải thích: supported (được ủng hộ) = upheld (được bảo tồn)

Question 12: “Bricks” are mentioned in paragraph 3 to indicate how _______.

A. science is more than a collection of facts

B. scientific experiments have led to improved technology

C. mathematicians approach science

D. building a house is like performing experiments

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: “Science is built with facts just as a house is built with bricks, but a collection of facts cannot be called science any more than a pile of bricks can be called a house.”

Dịch: Khoa học được xây dựng với những sự thật giống như một ngôi nhà được xây dựng bằng gạch, nhưng một tập hợp các sự kiện không thể được gọi là khoa học, hơn một đống gạch có thể được gọi là một ngôi nhà.

Question 13: In the fourth paragraph, the author implies that imagination is most important to scientists when they _______.

A. formulate possible solutions to a problem

B. evaluate previous work on a problem

C. close an investigation

D. gather known facts

Đáp án: A

Giải thích: formulate possible solutions to a problem = hypothesis

Question 14: In the last paragraph, what does the author imply is a major function of hypotheses?

A. Linking together different theories.

B. Communicating a scientist’s thoughts to others.

C. Providing direction for scientific research.

D. Sifting through known facts.

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: providing direction for scientific research (việc chỉ đạo nghiên cứu khoa học đưa ra định hướng cho các nghiên cứu khoa học).

Question 15: Which of the following statements is supported by the passage?

A. Theories are simply imaginary models of past events.

B. A scientist’s most difficult task is testing hypotheses.

C. A good scientist needs to be creative.

D. It is better to revise a hypothesis than to reject it

Đáp án: C

Giải thích: Một nhà khoa học giỏi cần phải sáng tạo.