Xem toàn bộ tài liệu Lớp 12: tại đây
Bài 1. Read the following passage and then choose the best answer.
It is commonly believed that school is where people go to get an education. Nevertheless, it has been said that today children interrupt their education to go to school. The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling. Education knows no limits. It can take place anywhere, whether in the shower or on the job, whether in the kitchen or on a tractor. It includes both the formal learning that takes place in school and the whole universe of informal learning. The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparents to the people arguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist. Whereas schooling has a certain predictability, education quite often produces surprises. A chance conversation with a stranger may lead a person to discover how little is known of other religions. People receive education from infancy on. Education, then, is a very broad, inclusive term. It is a lifelong process, a process that starts long before the start of school, and one that should be an integral part of one’s entire life.
Schooling, on the other hand, is a specific, formalized process, whose general pattern varies little from one setting to the next. Throughout a country, children arrive at school at approximately the same time, take assigned seats, are taught by an adult, use similar textbooks, do homework, take exams, and so on. The slices of reality that are to be learned, whether they are the alphabet or an understanding of the workings of government, have usually been limited by the boundaries of the subject being taught. For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with. There are definite conditions surrounding the formalized process of schooling.
Question 1. In the passage, the expression “children interrupt their education to go to school” mostly implies that …………….
A. schooling prevents people discovering things
B. schooling takes place everywhere
C. all of life is an education
D. education is totally ruined by schooling
Đáp án: C
Giải thích: Trong bài đọc, cụm từ “ Trẻ con làm gián đoạn giáo dục của chúng để đi học” chủ yếu ngụ ý rằng cả cuộc đời là một quá trình giáo dục.
Question 2. What does the writer mean by saying “education quite often produces surprises”?
A. Educators often produce surprises.
B. Informal learning often brings about unexpected result
C. Success of informal learning is predictable.
D. It’s surprising that we know little about other religions
Đáp án: B
Giải thích: Việc học ngoài nhà trường thường mang lại nhiều kết quả ngoài mong đợi.
Question 3. Which of the following would the writer support?
A. Without formal education, people won’t be able to read and write.
B. Going to school is only part of how people become educated.
C. Schooling is of no use because students do similar things every day.
D. Our education system needs to be changed as soon as possible.
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: It includes both the formal learning that takes place in school and the whole universe of informal learning.
Dịch: Nó (giáo dục) bao gồm cả việc học tập chính thức diễn ra trong trường học và toàn thể vũ trụ học không chính thức.
Question 4. According to the passage, the doers of education are ……………
A. only respected grandparents B. mostly famous scientists
C. mainly politicians D. almost all people
Đáp án: D
Thông tin: The agent (doer) of education can vary from respected grandparents to the peoplearguing about politics on the radio, from a child to a famous scientist.
Dịch: Người thực hiện giáo dục có thể thay đổi từ những ông bà được tôn trọng cho người tranh cãi về chính trị trên các đài phát thanh, từ một đứa trẻ đến một nhà khoa học nổi tiếng.
Question 5. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A. Education and schooling are quite different experience.
B. The more years students go to school, the better their education is.
C. Students benefit from schools, which require long hours and homework.
D. The best schools teach a variety of subjects.
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: The difference between schooling and education implied by this remark is important.
Dịch: Sự khác biệt giữa trường học và giáo dục ngụ ý bởi lời bình luận này là rất quan trọng.
Question 6. The word “they” in the last paragraph refers to ………………
A. workings of governments B. newest filmmakers
C. political problems D. high school students
Đáp án: D
Thông tin: For example, high school students know that they are not likely to find out in their classes the truth about political problems in their communities or what the newest filmmakers are experimenting with.
Dịch: Ví dụ, học sinh trung học biết rằng họ không có khả năng tìm ra trong lớp học của mình sự thật về các vấn đề chính trị trong cộng đồng hoặc những gì các nhà làm phim mới nhất đang thử nghiệm.
Từ “they” thay thế cho chính danh từ “high school students” đứng trước đó.
Question 7. The word “all-inclusive” in the passage mostly means …………….
A. including everything or everyone
B. going in many directions
C. involving many school subjects
D. allowing no exceptions
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: Education is much more open-ended and all-inclusive than schooling.
Dịch: Giáo dục không có giới hạn và bao gồm tất cả nhiều hơn việc đi học.
Question 8. This passage is mainly aimed at …………….
A. telling the difference between the meanings of two related words “schooling” and “education”
B. telling a story about excellent teachers
C. listing and discussing several educational problems
D. giving examples of different schools
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: Nội dung chính của bài nói về sự khác nhau về ý nghĩa của hai từ có liên quan với nhau “đi học” và “giáo dục”
Bài 2. Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions.
In my experience, freshmen today are different from those I knew when I started as a counselor and professor 25 years ago. College has always been demanding both academically and socially. But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college.
It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies. But we can look even more broadly to the social trends of today.
How many people do you know who are on medication to prevent anxiety or depression? The number of students who arrive at college already medicated for unwanted emotions has increased dramatically in the past 10 years. We, as a society, don’t want to “feel” anything unpleasant and we certainly don’t want our children to “suffer”.
The resulting problem is that by not experiencing negative emotions, one does not learn the necessary skills to tolerate and negotiate adversity. As a psychologist, I am well aware of the fact that some individuals suffer from depression and anxiety and can benefit from treatment, but I question the growing number of medicated adolescents today.
Our world is more stressful in general because of the current economic and political realities, but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years. What I do think is that many students are often not prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life.
What does this mean for college faculty and staff? We are required to assist in the basic parenting of these students – the student who complains that the professor didn’t remind her of the due date for an assignment that was clearly listed on the syllabus and the student who cheats on an assignment in spite of careful instructions about plagiarism.
As college professors, we have to explain what it means to be an independent college student before we can even begin to teach. As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges. To encourage them in this direction, we have to step back and let them fail and pick themselves up and move forward. This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.
Question 1. According to the writer, students today are different from those she knew in that they are ____________.
A. too ready for college B. not as mature
C. not so academic D. responsible for their work
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: “But students now are less mature and often not ready for the responsibility of being in college.”
Dịch: Nhưng bây giờ sinh viên ít chín chắn hơn và thường không sẵn sàng để có trách nhiệm cho việc học đại học.
Question 2. The word “handle” in parapgraph 2 mostly means ____________.
A. deal with B. gain benefits from C. lend a hand to D. point at
Đáp án: A
Giải thích: (to) handle: xử lí ≈ (to) deal with
Question 3. According to the writer, students’ difficulties to cope with college life are partly due to ____________.
A. the absence of parents’ protection B. the lack of parental support
C. the over-parenting from parents D. the lack of financial support
Đáp án: C
Thông tin: “It is really too easy to point the finger at parents who protect their children from life’s obstacle. Parents, who handle every difficulty and every other responsibility for their children writing admission essays to picking college courses, certainly may contribute to their children’s lack of coping strategies.”
Dịch: Quá dễ để chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ, những người bao bọc con mình khỏi tất cả trở ngại của cuộc sống. Các bậc cha mẹ, những người xử lý mọi khó khăn và mọi trách nhiệm khác cho con của họ từ viết bài tiểu luận để nộp đến chọn các khóa học đại học, chắc chắn có thể đã góp phần làm cho trẻ thiếu các chiến lược đối phó với khó khăn.
Question 4. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?
A. College faculty and staff are required to help in the parenting of problematic students.
B. The college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.
C. Our world is more stressful because of the current economic and political situation.
D. Our society certainly doesn’t want our children to experience unpleasant things.
Đáp án: B
Thông tin: “…but I don’t believe that the college experience itself is more intense today than that of the past 10 years.”
Dịch: … nhưng tôi không tin rằng ngày nay trải nghiệm ở trường đại học căng thẳng hơn 10 năm trước.
Question 5. Students who are not well – prepared to be young “adults” with all the responsibilities of life will need ______.
A. to be assigned more housework from adults
B. to be given more social responsibilities
C. to be encouraged to meet challenges
D. daily coaching from their teachers
Đáp án: C
Thông tin: “As parents and teachers we should expect young people to meet challenges.”
Dịch: Là cha mẹ và giáo viên, chúng ta nên mong đợi những người trẻ tuổi gặp phải những thách thức.
Question 6. According to the writer, failure in life and less support from parents will ______.
A. help students to learn to stand on their own feet
B. allow students to learn the first lesson in their lives
C. defeat students from the very beginning
D. discourage students and let them down forever
Đáp án: A
Thông tin: “This approach needs to begin at an early age so that college can actually be a passage to independent adulthood.”
Dịch: Cách tiếp cận này cần phải bắt đầu từ khi còn rất nhỏ để môi trường đại học có thể thực sự là một sự chuyển tiếp sang tuổi trưởng thành độc lập.
Question 7. What is probably the writer’s attitude in the passage?
A. Praising B. Indifferent C. Humorous D. Critial
Đáp án: D
Giải thích: Trong bài viết này, tác giả chỉ trích các bậc cha mẹ quá bảo bọc con mình, khiến chúng thiếu tinh thần độc lập và không thể tự giải quyết được những trở ngại trong cuộc sống.