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Before You Read Work in groups. Look at the following pictures. Discuss and note down the changes in business and construction in Viet Nam before and after economic reforms. Reading Texta) Work with a partner and guess the jobs of the people in the pictures.b) Scan the following text quickly to identify the people in the pictures.I’m Christine and I’m teaching English in Ho Chi Minh City. I’m too young to have seen the VietNam War on television or to have read about it in time of war. My impressions of VietNam have been formed from my own experiences since 2000 when I arrived here as a tourist. I love this land, and that’s why I returned soon later and looked for work. It’s a great time to be in VietNam to witness a country in profound change. Doi Moi, an economic policy established in 1986, has encouraged private enterprises. Since then Viet Nam step by step has overcome many difficulties and achieved enormous results – people’s living standards have greatly improved. I learned all about this from my students – when they told me stories about themselves and their families. c)Unit 6. Economic ReforηςHai, a highly-skilled worker, was a state employee earning only US$50 a month until he was offered a job in a foreign company in Nhon Trach Industrial Zone. He now earns an equivalent of US$ 250, which is considered a fortune by local standards. Hai’s case is typical of the “brain drain” from state to private foreign companies in VietNam now.Nhan, another bright student of mine, is the son of a farmer in Can Tho. He told me the effects of Doi Moi have been felt more drastically in rural VietNam. A farmer can now choose what to plant – this decision is based on the price and demand of the market. Before Doi Moi, despite having worked in the field day after day for years, Nhan’s parents could hardly earn enough to feed the whole family. Now his family can buy equipment such as mechanized plows and threshing machines that produce higher yields. One more student is Linh, a typical Vietnamese busineSSwOman. Gone were the days when college graduates like Linh did not have to worry about a job, thanks to the centralized planning system. A government job promises security, but it is not easy to compete with many others for one now. To avoid unemployment, Linh decided to set up a small business to trade in leather shoes. Now she has branches in three other provinces around Ho Chi Minh City. My students are still facing a lot of difficulties as competition is becoming tougher, when VietNam’s goods have to compete with those imported under AFTA, ASEAN Free Trade Area. But they all say they are not frightened. Isn’t it wonderful?Which of the following is the best title of the above text? 1. Christine’s Life Story 2. Employment in VietNam after Doi Moi 3. Doi Moi Witnessed by a Foreign Observerd) Answer the following questions.1. What is Doi Moi?2. Why is Hai’s case considered a case of “brain drain”? Do you think Linh’s case is also an example of “brain drain”?3. In what way has Doi Moi affected Nhan’s family?4.5.Before Doi Moi, could college graduates get a job easily? Why or why not? What problems is Viet Nam’s economy facing?e) Work in groups. Answer this question.What changes have taken place in your province or neighborhood during the past years?You can talk about people’s lives, road system, transportation system, or construction.Ω LISTENINGa) The following words are in the dialogue. Before you listen, complete the sentences with Suitable Words.6.apartment national roads shopping mall stum changes crowded. Thanks to economic reforms, our city has had a lot ofBa’s family is living in a(n) . It was built for people on low income.are being widened to accommodate heavy traffic.. There are too many people in Ho Chi Minh City. It is a(n)city.. This area used to be a(n) . People lived in badly builthouses.There is no bargaining in a(n)b) Bob, Mai’s friend, is on his second visit to Viet Nam. This is part of the dialogue between Mai and Bob. Listen to the dialogue and write short answers to the following questions.1.2.Has Bob been to many places on his second visit to VietNam?What did he say about national roads?Unit 6. Economic Refor της3. What did he see instead of slums?4. Where did he go shopping?5. What exported goods did Mai mention in the conversation?c) Work in groups to make a short list of goods exported by Viet Nam.贛 SPEAKINGa) Work in pairs. Make a list of what has been developed or improved thanks to economic reforms.Giving Comments- Employment – Education – Farmingb) Based on the useful expressions and the example below, make exchanges to give comments on things in the listina).Some Useful ExpressionsS S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S SWell, if you ask me … I (don’t) think that. The (good / bad) point is … As I see it. I’d like to point out that.Example ܓܠA: What has been changed in employment? B: I think that more and better jobs are provided for local people.83c) Work in groups. Give comments (good or bad points) on the following issues.o Entrance exam to universities o Sex education o Hi-tech cellphoned) Report to the class on the results of your group discussion.WRITING التيa) Work in pairs. Look at the graphs and match the phrases used in statistical writing to the corresponding information in the graph. The first one has been done for you.a. a sudden fall or drop b. to reach a peakc. an upward trendd. to remain constante. to rise steadily or to increase gradually (a) / f. a downward trendg. a dramatic increaseh, a drop / fall / decrease / decline … to level offj. to reach a plateau.2 a .1 ܥ – (“) (8) 3. * – 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Unit 6. Economic Reformsb) Look at this graph showing sales of Viet Export Corp. and fill in the missing ion.informatio140 含 120 C 의 100 E 80 C S. 60 2 多 40 20 Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. мау பn பப் Aug. Sep. oct Nov Dec. 1. In February, sales (1) to 100 million. 2. In the following two months, they (2) at 100 million. 3. In the next three months, they (3) 60 million. 4. The next two months saw (4) to 120 million. 5. This was followed by (5) to 40 million in October. 6. Sales (6) in December to finish the year at 120 million.c) Write a short paragraph related to the statistics of incomes of Viet Discovery Travel shown by the graph below, using the language in statistical writing.Jul. Aug. Sep. Oct. ΝΟν.As the graph shows, there was an upward trend in sales. In July, sales …85 LANGUAGE FOCUS Word Study Suffixesa) Match the suffixes in column A with their corresponding words in column B.a. establish b. decide -er c. import d. improve e. centralize f. deal g. employ h. tradeb) Complete the following sentences with the new words you have found in task a).1. The of this university helps offer more opportunities for adult students.2. Managers should make good if they want to deal with problems successfully.- are those who buy goods from other countries andsell them in their own country.4. Minh is a car . He buys and sells expensive and antique cars.5. Managers of small businesses prefer in doing their management work.6. Many farmers believe that higher yields rely on of farming machines and techniques.7. Economic reforms help provide more and better for local people.8. To the surprise of many international , oil price isrising dramatically in the last three months of 2007. Unit 6. Economic ReforηςGrammarExample ܓܠ When my sister graduated from her university twenty years ago, she didn’t have to worry about a job.Prepositioa) Match each verb or verb + object with the preposition that often follows it.Worry | obiect ject about complain o rel to COncentrate insistb) Put a combination of verb + (O) + preposition in each blank. The first one has been done for you. Example Don’t worry about being unemployed. There are a lot of job opportunities in this city. 1. A: Why is Mr. Tam so upset? B. He was causing a lot of losses in the company.2. A: We’d like to you your winning the prize in the eloquence contest last week. B: Thank you.3. A: Did your parents your taking a familiarization trip to Africa?B: No. Instead, they encouraged me to do so.Everyone has the manager hislack of responsibility.Many companies have not being able to get alocation in the new industrial zone.. Following the Doi Moi period, many cities in Viet Nam havereplanning their districts.4.5.687 My impressions of Viet Nam have been formed from my own experiences since 2000 when I arrived here as a tourist. (time) – Doi Moi, an economic policy established in 1986, has encouraged private enterprises. (time) – It’s a great time to be in VietNam to witness a country in profound change. (place) – Hai’s case is typical of the “brain drain” from state to private foreign companies in VietNam now