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Match these stages in the development of paper with the correct pictures, Five thousand years ago, the Egyptians wrote on a plant called papyrus. A Chinese official made paper from wood pulp in the year 105. The Japanese learned how to make paper in the seventh century. In 768, Arabs learned about papermaking from Chinese prisoners. The first papermaking machine was invented in the late 1700s by a Frenchman. 148Mr. Roberts:Sam:Mrs. Allen:Mr. Roberts:Mrs. Allen:Mr. Roberts:Tim:Sam:Mr. Roberts:This is where the cacao beans are stored. Now follow me and I’ll show you the first step in the manufacturing process.Sam, what do you think this button is for? I have no idea. Tim! Sam! Come here!Children, don’t touch that button! Now, the beans are washed, weighed, and cooked here.Tim, come and stand beside me. I told you to behave!After the shells are removed, the beans are crushed and liquified. Cocoa butter is added, along with sugar, vanilla and milk. Then the mixture is ground, rolled and poured into molds.It looks delicious. Can we taste any?Yes, there’s some beside the conveyor belt. Unit 16: Inventions2. Match the half-sentences. Then write the full sentences in your exercise book.a) The beans are cleaned A. the cacao beans smell like chocolate.b) Mr. Roberts thought B. One of the ingredients in chocolate.c) After cooking, C. Tim and Sam were going to touch the button.d) Sugar is D. before being cooked.SPEAΚ.1. Work with a partner. Student A looks at the table next page. Student B looks at the table at the end of this unit (page 156). Ask and answer questions to fill in the missing information in your tables.- *t was invented in 1243, – When was the facsimile – by Alexander Bain. ዘገverገtöሪቷ? – Who was it invented by?14911. TIẾNG ANH 8-A STUDENTA Invention Date inventor Nationality Friedrich Koenig German 1816 Karl D. Sauerbronn Facsimile 1845 Elias Howe AmericanReinforced concrete 1849Microphone 1878X-ray 1895Loudspeaker 1924 C.W. Rice AmericanHelicopter Igor SikorskyColor television 1950 Peter Carl Goldmark American 1955 Narinder Kapany GermanLaser 1958 Gordon Gould American2. Now report your findings to the teacher. The facsimile was invented by Alexander Bain in 1843.is LISTEN.1. Listen and fill in the gaps in these sentences. a) Papermaking is a (1) process.b) The procedure is almost the (2) as it was (3) years ago.c) The pulp vat is on the (4) of the machine.d) The papermaking machine has a lot of (5) 2. Listen again. Put the sentences into the correct order.a) The water was drained.b) The paper was put on a roll.150 11 TIẾNG ANH 8-8 Unit 16: Inventions c) Paper pulp was placed in the vat. d) Paper pulp was mixed with water. e) The pulp fibers were poured out. f) The fibers were smoothed and pressed dry.g) The pulp was conveyed under the rollers. READ.Read the following poem about inventions.Up-to-Datebought todayA toaster that goes pingThe vacuum goes chugga-chug The hairdryer says vroomThe dishwasher pulls out its plug And gives the loudest boomy Martin Lawrence) 1. Match the headings to the verses.Verse 1 a. Instrument invented by Alexander Graham Bell Verse 2 b. Appliances that cook food Verse 3 c. Appliances that clean or dry things2. Fill in each of the gaps in the sentences with one “invention” in the poem.a) “Joan, where’s the (1) ‘? I want to clean the floor.”b) Last night I was reading in the bedroom when the (2) rang. It was Ann, an old friend I didn’t see for more than twelve years.c) A (3 is a kitchen appliance that automatically washes, rinses, and dries dishes and utensils.d) “Jane, why don’t you put the meat in the (4) to defrost it?” e) “Can I borrow your (5) ? I’ve just washed my hair.”f) The Romans knew how to toast bread over an open fire two thousand years ago. We now toast bread with a (6) on the table.WRITE:1. Fill in each gap with one of these sequence markers to describe the procedure of papermaking.first then (2) next after this finallyHow Paper Is Made(1) , logs are cut into small chips. (2) they are mixed with water and acid. (3) they are heated and crushed into a heavy pulp. This wood pulp is also cleaned and chemically whitened. (4) , it is passed through rollers to be flattened. (5) , sheets of wet paper are produced. (6) , the water is removed from the sheets which are pressed, dried and refined until the finished paper is produced.152Unit 16: Inventions2. Look at the sequence of pictures that describe how cacao beans are processed. Put them in the correct order.Now use the sequence markers in exercise ‘write 1.’ to link the sentences together in a paragraph.a) The beans are dried in the sun. b) They are shelled and ground to produce chocolate liquor. c) The beans are roasted to bring out the chocolate flavor.d) The fruit harvest is fermented for three to nine days to kill the beans and turn them brown.e) The beans are cleared in special machines.f) The liquor is made into chocolate candy or cocoa powder.153 Language Focuso Passive formsto Sequence markers. Change the sentences from the active into the passive.Example: Miss Lien Wrote the letter.The letter was written by Miss Lien, a) Mrs. Quyen typed the document. b) Mr. Nhan repaired the computer. c) Ba drew the picture. d) Hoa turned off the lights. e) Lan baked the cake.. Active or Passive? Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets tocomplete these sentences.a) The grand prize to the Hoa Vinh Village team. (award) b) Viet Nam two gold medals on the first day of the Games. (win)c) Last year Mrs. Jackson a small business around the corner, (run)d) The factory by Quang Vĩnh Ltd. before it foreign firm. (run / sell) e) Thanh Ha School for two days last week due to a flood. (close). Put a question for each of the underlined phrases in the sentences below.Example:The facsimile was invented by Alexander Bain in 1843.When was the facsimile invented? Unit I6 : Inventi OinSa) The zipper was invented by W.L. Judson in 1893. b) Maize was brought into VietNam by Phung Khac Khoan in the 16th Century. c) The fountain pen was invented by Lewis Waterman in 1884. d) The ballpoint pen was invented in Hungary by brothers Lazlo and GeorgBiro in 1935. e) Xerography is widely used in commerce and industry in copying4. Use the sequence markers first, then, next, after this and finally to describe how white rice is produced in the traditional way. The pictures an prompts will help you.–rice plants/threshrice grains husk/the mill/ to produce brown ricebrant remove the mortars and it/ winnow/white rice1. 5 5 Invention Bicycle Facsimile Helicopter Microphone Optical fiber Printing Press Sewing machine Inventor C.W. Rice Gordon Gould Peter Carl Goldmark Alexander Bain D.E. Hughes Friedrich Koenig F. J. Monier Elias Howe